What a Year of Research on the Geedge Leak Found
In September 2025, internal files and source code (the text of a software program) leaked from Geedge Networks, a company that builds internet censorship systems for China and other countries. Until then, outsiders could only infer how the Great Firewall (the system China uses to censor and monitor the internet) works by testing it from outside; the leak let journalists and researchers compare the code of censorship equipment with real networks for the first time. Over the year, research moved from what Geedge sold and to whom, to which parts are actually running. What has been confirmed is narrower than the headlines suggested but more solid than earlier guesswork, and people who use circumvention tools, Tor or VPNs now have a clearer picture of what they are up against.

