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OONI coverage in Malaysia

OONI's censorship measurements come from volunteers running OONI Probe on their own connections. Within one region, each provider and network (ASN, autonomous system number) may block different sites, so when only one or two providers are measured, blocking on the others goes unrecorded. This page sets OONI's measurement counts against APNIC's estimates of how many users each network has, to show how many users the measurements cover, which networks they concentrate on, and which networks have none.

The page is regenerated every hour and OONI's measurements are read every six hours. Taiwan is shown by default, with other regions as reference points; switch between them with the region list below. The glossary at the end of the page explains the fields. Each quarter's changes are written up in the quarterly reports.

Measurements up to 2026-10-09 UTC · user estimates from 2026-10-08

Networks measured 17 +1vs previous 30 days
Users covered 97.9% +1.4 ppvs previous 30 days
Measurements 543,435 -6,890vs previous 30 days
Top two networks 71.4% +0.6 ppvs previous 30 days

Cards show the last 30 days, and the small charts show each day over the last 60. One measurement is OONI Probe's result for one website or service, so a single run of the website test produces hundreds. Users covered is the share of the region's internet users on networks with measurements. A lower share for the top two networks means the measurements are more spread out. pp means percentage points, the difference between two percentages.

Networks with the most users

The ten networks with the most users by the estimates of APNIC, the registry that allocates IP addresses and ASNs in the Asia Pacific. Users is the network's share of the region's internet users, Measured is its share of the region's measurements over the last 30 days, and Days is how many of those days it had any. Names are copied from registry records; in Taiwan, for example, HINET is Chunghwa Telecom's fixed network and EMOME-NET its mobile network. Networks with many users and few measurements are where running OONI Probe helps most.

Networks with the most usersUsersMeasured
ASNNameUsersMeasuredDays
AS4788 AS4788TTSSB-MY TM TECHNOLOGY SERVICES SDN. BHD. 30.7% 19.4% 30
AS4818 AS4818DIGIIX-AP DiGi Telecommunications Sdn. Bhd. 26.7% 0.9% 21
AS9534 AS9534MAXIS-AS1-AP Binariang Berhad 20.0% 6.8% 30
AS38466 AS38466UMOBILE-AS-AP U Mobile Sdn Bhd 11.3% 1.9% 26
AS9930 AS9930TTNET-MY TIME dotCom Berhad No. 14, Jalan Majistret U126 Hicom Glenmarie Industrial Park 40150 Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia 4.0% 52.0% 30
AS10030 AS10030CELCOMNET-AP Celcom Axiata Berhad 2.3% 1.4% 26
AS56231 AS56231ASTRO-MY-AS-AP MEASAT Broadcast Network Systems 1.4% <0.1% 1
AS45960 AS45960YTLCOMMS-AS-AP YTL COMMUNICATIONS SDN BHD 1.2% 0.2% 10
AS14593 AS14593SPACEX-STARLINK - Space Exploration Technologies Corporation 0.4% 0.0% 0
AS8075 AS8075MICROSOFT-CORP-MSN-AS-BLOCK - Microsoft Corporation 0.2% 0.0% 0

Networks without measurements

7 networks with at least 0.1% of users had no measurements in the last 30 days, about 1.1% of users in total.

ASNNameUsers
AS14593 AS14593SPACEX-STARLINK - Space Exploration Technologies Corporation 0.35%
AS8075 AS8075MICROSOFT-CORP-MSN-AS-BLOCK - Microsoft Corporation 0.18%
AS45410 AS45410ALLOTECH-AS-MY ALLO TECHNOLOGY SDN. BHD. 0.13%
AS132625 AS132625SDECB-AS-AP SDEC 0.13%
AS16509 AS16509AMAZON-02 - Amazon.com, Inc. 0.11%
AS13335 AS13335CLOUDFLARENET - Cloudflare, Inc. 0.11%
AS153710 AS153710CITAGLOBAL-AS-AP CITAGLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATION SDN BHD 0.10%

Where measurements come from

Each network's share of measurements over the last 30 days. When a few networks account for most of them, the rest can only be judged from scattered data.

Measurements by networkAS9930AS4788AS55720AS9534AS21859Others
  • AS9930TTNET-MY TIME dotCom Berhad No. 14, Jalan Majistret U126 Hicom Glenmarie Industrial Park 40150 Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia52.0%
  • AS4788TTSSB-MY TM TECHNOLOGY SERVICES SDN. BHD.19.4%
  • AS55720GIGABIT-MY Gigabit Hosting Sdn Bhd14.4%
  • AS9534MAXIS-AS1-AP Binariang Berhad6.8%
  • AS21859ZEN-ECN - Zenlayer Inc2.6%
  • Others4.7%

1 more networks are not in APNIC's user estimates and account for 0.0% of measurements; most are academic, hosting, or cloud networks.

Daily measurements

Measurements OONI Probe sends from this region each day, split by result. OK means the result matched the control. An anomaly means it did not, which can be blocking but also an unstable connection or a problem with the site itself. Confirmed blocking is an anomaly that matches a known blocking pattern, such as a redirect to a block page. Failure means the test did not complete, for example because the connection dropped midway.

Measurements per dayOKAnomalyConfirmedFailure
012.5k25k08/1109/1010/092026/08/11 OK 16,5402026/08/11 Anomaly 2842026/08/11 Confirmed 242026/08/11 Failure 1,8592026/08/12 OK 16,7612026/08/12 Anomaly 2572026/08/12 Confirmed 422026/08/12 Failure 1,1082026/08/13 OK 16,1992026/08/13 Anomaly 3232026/08/13 Confirmed 522026/08/13 Failure 1,8242026/08/14 OK 17,7962026/08/14 Anomaly 2522026/08/14 Confirmed 1022026/08/14 Failure 1,7452026/08/15 OK 15,4692026/08/15 Anomaly 2792026/08/15 Confirmed 452026/08/15 Failure 1,6962026/08/16 OK 17,2222026/08/16 Anomaly 2772026/08/16 Confirmed 632026/08/16 Failure 1,4032026/08/17 OK 17,5712026/08/17 Anomaly 3302026/08/17 Confirmed 142026/08/17 Failure 1,9942026/08/18 OK 19,3602026/08/18 Anomaly 3372026/08/18 Confirmed 322026/08/18 Failure 1,9372026/08/19 OK 17,6942026/08/19 Anomaly 3042026/08/19 Confirmed 192026/08/19 Failure 1,6392026/08/20 OK 16,9802026/08/20 Anomaly 4082026/08/20 Confirmed 152026/08/20 Failure 1,4472026/08/21 OK 19,1462026/08/21 Anomaly 3802026/08/21 Confirmed 292026/08/21 Failure 1,8072026/08/22 OK 19,8142026/08/22 Anomaly 3982026/08/22 Confirmed 482026/08/22 Failure 1,7282026/08/23 OK 18,4252026/08/23 Anomaly 4002026/08/23 Confirmed 422026/08/23 Failure 1,6812026/08/24 OK 20,3342026/08/24 Anomaly 4402026/08/24 Confirmed 292026/08/24 Failure 2,1892026/08/25 OK 17,0992026/08/25 Anomaly 3192026/08/25 Confirmed 112026/08/25 Failure 1,3092026/08/26 OK 15,3142026/08/26 Anomaly 2712026/08/26 Confirmed 142026/08/26 Failure 1,6682026/08/27 OK 16,3992026/08/27 Anomaly 3552026/08/27 Confirmed 152026/08/27 Failure 2,0092026/08/28 OK 13,6732026/08/28 Anomaly 3272026/08/28 Confirmed 102026/08/28 Failure 1,6522026/08/29 OK 18,5582026/08/29 Anomaly 3952026/08/29 Confirmed 922026/08/29 Failure 1,7402026/08/30 OK 13,8662026/08/30 Anomaly 2662026/08/30 Confirmed 702026/08/30 Failure 1,5192026/08/31 OK 16,3902026/08/31 Anomaly 3282026/08/31 Confirmed 232026/08/31 Failure 2,0052026/09/01 OK 17,7362026/09/01 Anomaly 3982026/09/01 Confirmed 232026/09/01 Failure 2,1742026/09/02 OK 15,4882026/09/02 Anomaly 3182026/09/02 Confirmed 362026/09/02 Failure 1,8132026/09/03 OK 17,2952026/09/03 Anomaly 3382026/09/03 Confirmed 512026/09/03 Failure 2,2232026/09/04 OK 13,3802026/09/04 Anomaly 2882026/09/04 Confirmed 442026/09/04 Failure 1,6192026/09/05 OK 13,4782026/09/05 Anomaly 2472026/09/05 Confirmed 432026/09/05 Failure 1,2842026/09/06 OK 14,2012026/09/06 Anomaly 2522026/09/06 Confirmed 302026/09/06 Failure 1,3152026/09/07 OK 12,7652026/09/07 Anomaly 2502026/09/07 Confirmed 342026/09/07 Failure 1,1132026/09/08 OK 12,4752026/09/08 Anomaly 2782026/09/08 Confirmed 272026/09/08 Failure 1,1882026/09/09 OK 12,4722026/09/09 Anomaly 2582026/09/09 Confirmed 222026/09/09 Failure 1,0792026/09/10 OK 14,6582026/09/10 Anomaly 2662026/09/10 Confirmed 632026/09/10 Failure 1,0682026/09/11 OK 12,2852026/09/11 Anomaly 2342026/09/11 Confirmed 462026/09/11 Failure 8922026/09/12 OK 16,0562026/09/12 Anomaly 3372026/09/12 Confirmed 482026/09/12 Failure 1,2752026/09/13 OK 17,8402026/09/13 Anomaly 3482026/09/13 Confirmed 542026/09/13 Failure 2,0952026/09/14 OK 18,8312026/09/14 Anomaly 3602026/09/14 Confirmed 562026/09/14 Failure 2,3502026/09/15 OK 18,0982026/09/15 Anomaly 3622026/09/15 Confirmed 1142026/09/15 Failure 2,2492026/09/16 OK 16,5582026/09/16 Anomaly 3792026/09/16 Confirmed 442026/09/16 Failure 1,9222026/09/17 OK 16,1342026/09/17 Anomaly 3302026/09/17 Confirmed 632026/09/17 Failure 1,7832026/09/18 OK 15,1542026/09/18 Anomaly 3122026/09/18 Confirmed 362026/09/18 Failure 1,5042026/09/19 OK 16,4862026/09/19 Anomaly 3272026/09/19 Confirmed 732026/09/19 Failure 1,2522026/09/20 OK 15,9532026/09/20 Anomaly 2842026/09/20 Confirmed 472026/09/20 Failure 1,3762026/09/21 OK 17,3842026/09/21 Anomaly 4082026/09/21 Confirmed 392026/09/21 Failure 2,2592026/09/22 OK 14,8292026/09/22 Anomaly 4062026/09/22 Confirmed 462026/09/22 Failure 1,7252026/09/23 OK 15,7112026/09/23 Anomaly 3132026/09/23 Confirmed 482026/09/23 Failure 1,7422026/09/24 OK 18,2432026/09/24 Anomaly 5242026/09/24 Confirmed 552026/09/24 Failure 1,9442026/09/25 OK 20,6742026/09/25 Anomaly 4492026/09/25 Confirmed 872026/09/25 Failure 2,3302026/09/26 OK 18,7582026/09/26 Anomaly 3952026/09/26 Confirmed 672026/09/26 Failure 2,2402026/09/27 OK 18,8842026/09/27 Anomaly 4112026/09/27 Confirmed 562026/09/27 Failure 1,9332026/09/28 OK 18,1982026/09/28 Anomaly 3332026/09/28 Confirmed 342026/09/28 Failure 1,7232026/09/29 OK 16,4322026/09/29 Anomaly 2712026/09/29 Confirmed 302026/09/29 Failure 1,8982026/09/30 OK 14,7732026/09/30 Anomaly 3122026/09/30 Confirmed 132026/09/30 Failure 1,7582026/10/01 OK 16,4832026/10/01 Anomaly 2992026/10/01 Confirmed 172026/10/01 Failure 1,8712026/10/02 OK 13,5372026/10/02 Anomaly 2672026/10/02 Confirmed 52026/10/02 Failure 1,6312026/10/03 OK 11,5202026/10/03 Anomaly 2282026/10/03 Confirmed 12026/10/03 Failure 1,0682026/10/04 OK 12,7322026/10/04 Anomaly 2832026/10/04 Confirmed 132026/10/04 Failure 1,4642026/10/05 OK 14,7412026/10/05 Anomaly 2822026/10/05 Confirmed 192026/10/05 Failure 1,6712026/10/06 OK 14,0512026/10/06 Anomaly 3102026/10/06 Confirmed 112026/10/06 Failure 1,8232026/10/07 OK 15,7402026/10/07 Anomaly 3242026/10/07 Confirmed 82026/10/07 Failure 1,6632026/10/08 OK 14,1422026/10/08 Anomaly 3052026/10/08 Confirmed 182026/10/08 Failure 1,6182026/10/09 OK 15,5292026/10/09 Anomaly 3852026/10/09 Confirmed 422026/10/09 Failure 1,597
Networks measured per day
0102008/1109/1010/092026/08/11 Networks measured 82026/08/12 Networks measured 72026/08/13 Networks measured 82026/08/14 Networks measured 82026/08/15 Networks measured 62026/08/16 Networks measured 62026/08/17 Networks measured 72026/08/18 Networks measured 82026/08/19 Networks measured 102026/08/20 Networks measured 82026/08/21 Networks measured 72026/08/22 Networks measured 72026/08/23 Networks measured 82026/08/24 Networks measured 112026/08/25 Networks measured 72026/08/26 Networks measured 92026/08/27 Networks measured 92026/08/28 Networks measured 92026/08/29 Networks measured 102026/08/30 Networks measured 92026/08/31 Networks measured 92026/09/01 Networks measured 72026/09/02 Networks measured 82026/09/03 Networks measured 72026/09/04 Networks measured 82026/09/05 Networks measured 92026/09/06 Networks measured 82026/09/07 Networks measured 92026/09/08 Networks measured 82026/09/09 Networks measured 72026/09/10 Networks measured 72026/09/11 Networks measured 72026/09/12 Networks measured 82026/09/13 Networks measured 82026/09/14 Networks measured 102026/09/15 Networks measured 82026/09/16 Networks measured 92026/09/17 Networks measured 92026/09/18 Networks measured 82026/09/19 Networks measured 102026/09/20 Networks measured 72026/09/21 Networks measured 102026/09/22 Networks measured 72026/09/23 Networks measured 72026/09/24 Networks measured 72026/09/25 Networks measured 82026/09/26 Networks measured 92026/09/27 Networks measured 82026/09/28 Networks measured 82026/09/29 Networks measured 92026/09/30 Networks measured 72026/10/01 Networks measured 92026/10/02 Networks measured 82026/10/03 Networks measured 72026/10/04 Networks measured 92026/10/05 Networks measured 102026/10/06 Networks measured 92026/10/07 Networks measured 82026/10/08 Networks measured 92026/10/09 Networks measured 7

Users covered

The share of this region's internet users, by APNIC's estimates, on networks that had at least one measurement that day. One measurement is enough to count, so this is an upper bound rather than a sign that every network is measured enough.

Users covered (%)
05010008/1109/1010/092026/08/11 Users covered 69.72026/08/12 Users covered 95.12026/08/13 Users covered 83.82026/08/14 Users covered 83.82026/08/15 Users covered 68.42026/08/16 Users covered 92.82026/08/17 Users covered 83.82026/08/18 Users covered 68.42026/08/19 Users covered 68.52026/08/20 Users covered 83.82026/08/21 Users covered 83.82026/08/22 Users covered 68.42026/08/23 Users covered 94.12026/08/24 Users covered 94.12026/08/25 Users covered 68.52026/08/26 Users covered 94.12026/08/27 Users covered 94.12026/08/28 Users covered 92.92026/08/29 Users covered 96.42026/08/30 Users covered 95.22026/08/31 Users covered 95.22026/09/01 Users covered 83.92026/09/02 Users covered 95.22026/09/03 Users covered 83.92026/09/04 Users covered 92.92026/09/05 Users covered 95.22026/09/06 Users covered 95.22026/09/07 Users covered 68.52026/09/08 Users covered 92.92026/09/09 Users covered 66.22026/09/10 Users covered 66.22026/09/11 Users covered 66.22026/09/12 Users covered 92.92026/09/13 Users covered 95.22026/09/14 Users covered 69.72026/09/15 Users covered 68.52026/09/16 Users covered 95.12026/09/17 Users covered 95.22026/09/18 Users covered 95.22026/09/19 Users covered 96.62026/09/20 Users covered 83.92026/09/21 Users covered 92.92026/09/22 Users covered 68.42026/09/23 Users covered 68.52026/09/24 Users covered 95.12026/09/25 Users covered 85.02026/09/26 Users covered 96.42026/09/27 Users covered 85.02026/09/28 Users covered 68.42026/09/29 Users covered 96.42026/09/30 Users covered 68.42026/10/01 Users covered 95.12026/10/02 Users covered 95.12026/10/03 Users covered 58.32026/10/04 Users covered 96.42026/10/05 Users covered 96.42026/10/06 Users covered 96.42026/10/07 Users covered 95.12026/10/08 Users covered 96.42026/10/09 Users covered 95.1

Steady coverage

Coverage counts a network as soon as it has a single measurement, even if it was measured on only a day or two. Steady coverage counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days. The wider the gap between the two, the more users sit on networks with only scattered measurements.

Users covered 97.9% Measured on at least one day
Users steadily covered 95.1% Measured on at least 15 days

Messaging app tests

OONI Probe tests whether the servers of Signal, WhatsApp and Telegram can be reached. An anomaly only means the result differed from what was expected, which an unstable connection can also cause. An anomaly rate close to 100% usually means the app is blocked there. Rates are left out when there were fewer than 30 measurements in the last 30 days.

Anomaly rate in Malaysia, last 30 days
  • Signal0.1%
  • WhatsApp0.2%
  • Telegram1.0%

Up to 3,336 measurements per app

Across regions

Users covered by networks measured in the last 30 days, with each day's value over the last 60. Open a region for its full charts.

Taiwan 93.9% Hong Kong 69.4% Macau 85.1% Japan 84.2% South Korea 93.7% Singapore 78.5% Vietnam 98.8% Thailand 97.1% Malaysia 97.9% Indonesia 79.8% Philippines 90.3% India 91.3%
RegionCoveredSteady
Taiwan 93.9% 68.0%
Hong Kong 69.4% 31.2%
Macau 85.1% 0.0%
Japan 84.2% 64.0%
South Korea 93.7% 82.1%
Singapore 78.5% 30.8%
Vietnam 98.8% 94.0%
Thailand 97.1% 92.8%
Malaysia 97.9% 95.1%
Indonesia 79.8% 70.2%
Philippines 90.3% 86.8%
India 91.3% 86.5%

Messaging app anomaly rates across regions

Anomaly rates over the last 30 days, with rates above half highlighted. The last rows are reference regions without their own pages, which have records of blocking to compare against.

RegionSignalWhatsAppTelegram
Taiwan 1.3%1.6%1.4%
Hong Kong 0.7%0.8%0.4%
Macau –––
Japan 0.5%0.8%0.6%
South Korea 0.3%1.7%2.5%
Singapore 1.0%0.4%0.1%
Vietnam <0.1%<0.1%0.2%
Thailand 0.3%0.2%0.1%
Malaysia 0.1%0.2%1.0%
Indonesia 3.4%0.4%0.6%
Philippines 0.3%0.2%1.8%
India 2.1%0.5%1.7%
Reference regions
China 98.2%98.3%98.6%
Myanmar 96.2%99.0%0.6%
Cambodia 21.8%27.5%2.4%
Pakistan 97.0%0.9%99.1%
Bangladesh 0.3%<0.1%0.1%

Glossary

  • OONI Probe: an open-source app from OONI that tests from a phone or computer whether websites and services can be reached, with the results published in OONI's database
  • Measurement: one result of OONI Probe testing one website or service. A single run of the website test produces hundreds, so a high count does not mean many people ran tests
  • Autonomous system (ASN): a group of networks run by one organisation under one routing policy, such as a telecom, a university or a cloud provider, each with its own AS number. A telecom's fixed and mobile networks are often separate ASNs
  • Network names: copied from APNIC and RIPE NCC registry records and often abbreviated. In Taiwan, for example, HINET is Chunghwa Telecom's fixed network and EMOME-NET its mobile network
  • APNIC: the Asia Pacific Network Information Centre, which allocates IP addresses and ASNs in the region and estimates each network's users from sampled web ads
  • Users, Measured (%): Users is the network's share of the region's internet users, and Measured is its share of the region's measurements. The further apart the two are, the more the measurements are out of proportion to the users
  • Days: how many of the last 30 days had any measurements
  • Users covered: the share of the region's internet users on networks with measurements, where a single measurement is enough to count
  • Users steadily covered: counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days
  • Top two networks: the share of measurements from the two most measured networks; lower means more spread out
  • pp (percentage points): the difference between two percentages. Coverage going from 94.6% to 93.9% is written as −0.7 pp
  • OK, anomaly, confirmed, failure: OK means the result matched the control. An anomaly means it did not, which can be blocking or an unstable connection. Confirmed blocking is an anomaly matching a known blocking pattern. A failure is a test that did not complete
  • Anomaly rate (messaging apps): the share of the app's measurements that were anomalies. Close to 100% usually means the app is blocked there
  • Reference region: a region without its own page, listed in a comparison table for contrast

How the numbers are calculated

  • Measurement counts come from OONI's aggregation API, across all tests, grouped by the day each measurement started (UTC)
  • Users per network are APNIC's estimates, derived from ad-based sampling and updated weekly
  • Network names come from the APNIC and RIPE NCC ASN name lists
  • A single measurement is enough for a network to count as measured; whether it is measured enough shows in its share of measurements and the number of days
  • Steady coverage counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days
  • Messaging app results also come from the OONI aggregation API, counted by region; the reference regions at the end of the table have no pages of their own
  • Days without measurements are left as gaps in the charts rather than filled in

Help fill the gaps

  • Install OONI Probe and run tests on your own connection, on a phone or a computer. Mobile data and home broadband are usually different ASNs, so testing on both helps
  • The community's OONI Run link 10328 sets everything up in one tap; see the OONI Run v2 guide for the risks to consider before installing and what the list contains
  • ASN observation data analysis: why network diversity matters and how to read a single measurement
  • ASN Coverage: a command-line tool that downloads raw measurements and breaks them down by network type and blocking method