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OONI coverage in India

OONI's censorship measurements come from volunteers running OONI Probe on their own connections. Within one region, each provider and network (ASN, autonomous system number) may block different sites, so when only one or two providers are measured, blocking on the others goes unrecorded. This page sets OONI's measurement counts against APNIC's estimates of how many users each network has, to show how many users the measurements cover, which networks they concentrate on, and which networks have none.

The page is regenerated every hour and OONI's measurements are read every six hours. Taiwan is shown by default, with other regions as reference points; switch between them with the region list below. The glossary at the end of the page explains the fields. Each quarter's changes are written up in the quarterly reports.

Measurements up to 2026-10-09 UTC · user estimates from 2026-10-08

Networks measured 102 -1vs previous 30 days
Users covered 91.3% -0.6 ppvs previous 30 days
Measurements 1,194,076 +81,920vs previous 30 days
Top two networks 57.9% +10.2 ppvs previous 30 days

Cards show the last 30 days, and the small charts show each day over the last 60. One measurement is OONI Probe's result for one website or service, so a single run of the website test produces hundreds. Users covered is the share of the region's internet users on networks with measurements. A lower share for the top two networks means the measurements are more spread out. pp means percentage points, the difference between two percentages.

Networks with the most users

The ten networks with the most users by the estimates of APNIC, the registry that allocates IP addresses and ASNs in the Asia Pacific. Users is the network's share of the region's internet users, Measured is its share of the region's measurements over the last 30 days, and Days is how many of those days it had any. Names are copied from registry records; in Taiwan, for example, HINET is Chunghwa Telecom's fixed network and EMOME-NET its mobile network. Networks with many users and few measurements are where running OONI Probe helps most.

Networks with the most usersUsersMeasured
ASNNameUsersMeasuredDays
AS55836 AS55836RELIANCEJIO-IN Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited 45.4% 28.2% 30
AS45609 AS45609BHARTI-MOBILITY-AS-AP Bharti Airtel Ltd. AS for GPRS Service 23.2% 7.2% 30
AS24560 AS24560AIRTELBROADBAND-AS-AP Bharti Airtel Ltd., Telemedia Services 9.5% 29.7% 30
AS9829 AS9829BSNL-NIB National Internet Backbone 2.8% 1.7% 30
AS24309 AS24309CABLELITE-AS-AP Atria Convergence Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Broadband Internet Service Provider INDIA 1.1% 8.1% 30
AS133982 AS133982EXCITEL-AS-IN Excitel Broadband Private Limited 1.0% 1.8% 30
AS133661 AS133661NETPLUS-AS Netplus Broadband Services Private Limited 0.9% 0.3% 4
AS45916 AS45916GTPL-AS-AP Gujarat Telelink Pvt Ltd 0.8% <0.1% 2
AS17488 AS17488HATHWAY-NET-AP Hathway IP Over Cable Internet 0.7% 0.5% 23
AS138754 AS138754KVBPL-AS-IN Kerala Vision Broad Band Private Limited 0.6% 0.1% 7

Networks without measurements

11 networks with at least 0.1% of users had no measurements in the last 30 days, about 1.9% of users in total.

ASNNameUsers
AS23860 AS23860ALLIANCE-GATEWAY-AS-AP Alliance Broadband Services Pvt. Ltd. 0.47%
AS17917 AS17917QTLTELECOM-AS-AP Quadrant Televentures Limited 0.22%
AS150008 AS150008PEL-AS-IN Pioneer Elabs Ltd. 0.18%
AS45769 AS45769DVOIS-IN D-Vois Broadband Pvt Ltd 0.16%
AS138296 AS138296STARNET7-AS Juweriyah Networks Private Limited 0.16%
AS137166 AS137166SATNECOM-AS Satellite Netcom Private Limited 0.15%
AS135872 AS135872GTPLKCBPL-AS GTPL KCBPL BROADBAND PVT LTD 0.14%
AS58678 AS58678INTECHONLINE-IN Intech Online Private Limited 0.13%

Where measurements come from

Each network's share of measurements over the last 30 days. When a few networks account for most of them, the rest can only be judged from scattered data.

Measurements by networkAS24560AS55836AS24309AS45609AS14061Others
  • AS24560AIRTELBROADBAND-AS-AP Bharti Airtel Ltd., Telemedia Services29.7%
  • AS55836RELIANCEJIO-IN Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited28.2%
  • AS24309CABLELITE-AS-AP Atria Convergence Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Broadband Internet Service Provider INDIA8.1%
  • AS45609BHARTI-MOBILITY-AS-AP Bharti Airtel Ltd. AS for GPRS Service7.2%
  • AS14061DIGITALOCEAN-ASN - DigitalOcean, LLC6.6%
  • Others20.2%

8 more networks are not in APNIC's user estimates and account for 3.1% of measurements; most are academic, hosting, or cloud networks.

Daily measurements

Measurements OONI Probe sends from this region each day, split by result. OK means the result matched the control. An anomaly means it did not, which can be blocking but also an unstable connection or a problem with the site itself. Confirmed blocking is an anomaly that matches a known blocking pattern, such as a redirect to a block page. Failure means the test did not complete, for example because the connection dropped midway.

Measurements per dayOKAnomalyConfirmedFailure
025k50k08/1109/1010/092026/08/11 OK 27,2012026/08/11 Anomaly 1,4132026/08/11 Confirmed 4322026/08/11 Failure 2,4662026/08/12 OK 28,9622026/08/12 Anomaly 1,6492026/08/12 Confirmed 5762026/08/12 Failure 2,1552026/08/13 OK 30,1782026/08/13 Anomaly 1,5782026/08/13 Confirmed 5262026/08/13 Failure 2,1162026/08/14 OK 31,6522026/08/14 Anomaly 1,5852026/08/14 Confirmed 4142026/08/14 Failure 2,2262026/08/15 OK 31,8222026/08/15 Anomaly 1,3062026/08/15 Confirmed 3822026/08/15 Failure 2,4512026/08/16 OK 33,4162026/08/16 Anomaly 1,4562026/08/16 Confirmed 4782026/08/16 Failure 3,2822026/08/17 OK 31,1412026/08/17 Anomaly 1,6692026/08/17 Confirmed 6072026/08/17 Failure 2,2732026/08/18 OK 31,2252026/08/18 Anomaly 1,7232026/08/18 Confirmed 5952026/08/18 Failure 3,0852026/08/19 OK 35,1562026/08/19 Anomaly 1,8212026/08/19 Confirmed 4672026/08/19 Failure 2,2142026/08/20 OK 37,2122026/08/20 Anomaly 2,1532026/08/20 Confirmed 8212026/08/20 Failure 2,2812026/08/21 OK 32,1352026/08/21 Anomaly 1,7342026/08/21 Confirmed 5222026/08/21 Failure 2,5682026/08/22 OK 38,1102026/08/22 Anomaly 1,7742026/08/22 Confirmed 6022026/08/22 Failure 2,7922026/08/23 OK 42,1792026/08/23 Anomaly 1,9922026/08/23 Confirmed 7622026/08/23 Failure 2,6752026/08/24 OK 31,7522026/08/24 Anomaly 1,7742026/08/24 Confirmed 5652026/08/24 Failure 2,3062026/08/25 OK 31,7222026/08/25 Anomaly 1,7782026/08/25 Confirmed 4862026/08/25 Failure 1,8452026/08/26 OK 33,2432026/08/26 Anomaly 1,7232026/08/26 Confirmed 5502026/08/26 Failure 2,6612026/08/27 OK 31,1852026/08/27 Anomaly 1,5852026/08/27 Confirmed 6352026/08/27 Failure 2,2072026/08/28 OK 34,5192026/08/28 Anomaly 1,6382026/08/28 Confirmed 6642026/08/28 Failure 2,0912026/08/29 OK 31,2912026/08/29 Anomaly 1,2072026/08/29 Confirmed 6312026/08/29 Failure 2,3672026/08/30 OK 31,8742026/08/30 Anomaly 1,2672026/08/30 Confirmed 4142026/08/30 Failure 1,8812026/08/31 OK 31,9652026/08/31 Anomaly 1,9232026/08/31 Confirmed 4752026/08/31 Failure 2,0722026/09/01 OK 31,8072026/09/01 Anomaly 1,7082026/09/01 Confirmed 4912026/09/01 Failure 1,4012026/09/02 OK 32,9962026/09/02 Anomaly 1,7942026/09/02 Confirmed 6982026/09/02 Failure 2,0332026/09/03 OK 30,6712026/09/03 Anomaly 1,6832026/09/03 Confirmed 8652026/09/03 Failure 1,8982026/09/04 OK 30,6132026/09/04 Anomaly 1,6772026/09/04 Confirmed 6102026/09/04 Failure 2,5792026/09/05 OK 33,4202026/09/05 Anomaly 1,4242026/09/05 Confirmed 4232026/09/05 Failure 2,2482026/09/06 OK 31,1682026/09/06 Anomaly 1,2592026/09/06 Confirmed 3602026/09/06 Failure 1,8452026/09/07 OK 31,2642026/09/07 Anomaly 1,7092026/09/07 Confirmed 4932026/09/07 Failure 1,9992026/09/08 OK 34,9662026/09/08 Anomaly 1,6142026/09/08 Confirmed 5082026/09/08 Failure 2,5052026/09/09 OK 32,5632026/09/09 Anomaly 1,6302026/09/09 Confirmed 5252026/09/09 Failure 2,4032026/09/10 OK 30,3422026/09/10 Anomaly 1,5912026/09/10 Confirmed 4732026/09/10 Failure 1,8102026/09/11 OK 32,3022026/09/11 Anomaly 1,8152026/09/11 Confirmed 5512026/09/11 Failure 1,8252026/09/12 OK 42,0642026/09/12 Anomaly 1,9722026/09/12 Confirmed 7922026/09/12 Failure 2,3902026/09/13 OK 36,6292026/09/13 Anomaly 1,4572026/09/13 Confirmed 7152026/09/13 Failure 2,1672026/09/14 OK 36,2952026/09/14 Anomaly 1,7732026/09/14 Confirmed 6052026/09/14 Failure 2,3042026/09/15 OK 37,7932026/09/15 Anomaly 1,6612026/09/15 Confirmed 6992026/09/15 Failure 2,0352026/09/16 OK 35,8772026/09/16 Anomaly 1,6942026/09/16 Confirmed 6342026/09/16 Failure 1,6492026/09/17 OK 32,9172026/09/17 Anomaly 1,3872026/09/17 Confirmed 5272026/09/17 Failure 1,6082026/09/18 OK 31,1852026/09/18 Anomaly 1,4942026/09/18 Confirmed 5812026/09/18 Failure 1,9042026/09/19 OK 34,6442026/09/19 Anomaly 1,4912026/09/19 Confirmed 4972026/09/19 Failure 2,0232026/09/20 OK 44,3352026/09/20 Anomaly 1,9132026/09/20 Confirmed 6092026/09/20 Failure 2,2582026/09/21 OK 39,6582026/09/21 Anomaly 1,8712026/09/21 Confirmed 5542026/09/21 Failure 2,8912026/09/22 OK 36,1172026/09/22 Anomaly 1,9112026/09/22 Confirmed 5892026/09/22 Failure 3,2212026/09/23 OK 34,9782026/09/23 Anomaly 1,5982026/09/23 Confirmed 5262026/09/23 Failure 2,8222026/09/24 OK 38,1502026/09/24 Anomaly 1,8322026/09/24 Confirmed 5592026/09/24 Failure 2,8402026/09/25 OK 40,2732026/09/25 Anomaly 1,8282026/09/25 Confirmed 4422026/09/25 Failure 2,1742026/09/26 OK 33,4142026/09/26 Anomaly 1,6272026/09/26 Confirmed 3592026/09/26 Failure 1,8362026/09/27 OK 28,3992026/09/27 Anomaly 1,3132026/09/27 Confirmed 3332026/09/27 Failure 1,3062026/09/28 OK 32,8902026/09/28 Anomaly 1,8262026/09/28 Confirmed 3822026/09/28 Failure 2,1112026/09/29 OK 34,6832026/09/29 Anomaly 1,7812026/09/29 Confirmed 6982026/09/29 Failure 4,6002026/09/30 OK 33,4372026/09/30 Anomaly 1,7232026/09/30 Confirmed 5322026/09/30 Failure 2,0802026/10/01 OK 33,4302026/10/01 Anomaly 1,7082026/10/01 Confirmed 6042026/10/01 Failure 2,6982026/10/02 OK 35,9282026/10/02 Anomaly 1,7512026/10/02 Confirmed 6112026/10/02 Failure 2,1192026/10/03 OK 33,4112026/10/03 Anomaly 1,5762026/10/03 Confirmed 4782026/10/03 Failure 1,9812026/10/04 OK 34,1002026/10/04 Anomaly 1,6022026/10/04 Confirmed 5292026/10/04 Failure 2,0082026/10/05 OK 36,7082026/10/05 Anomaly 1,8892026/10/05 Confirmed 6992026/10/05 Failure 2,2722026/10/06 OK 33,1382026/10/06 Anomaly 1,9892026/10/06 Confirmed 5822026/10/06 Failure 2,8532026/10/07 OK 30,4072026/10/07 Anomaly 1,8042026/10/07 Confirmed 5472026/10/07 Failure 2,5642026/10/08 OK 36,7432026/10/08 Anomaly 2,1412026/10/08 Confirmed 8172026/10/08 Failure 2,2302026/10/09 OK 35,7242026/10/09 Anomaly 2,0482026/10/09 Confirmed 6822026/10/09 Failure 2,254
Networks measured per day
0255008/1109/1010/092026/08/11 Networks measured 292026/08/12 Networks measured 282026/08/13 Networks measured 342026/08/14 Networks measured 302026/08/15 Networks measured 342026/08/16 Networks measured 272026/08/17 Networks measured 382026/08/18 Networks measured 302026/08/19 Networks measured 342026/08/20 Networks measured 312026/08/21 Networks measured 312026/08/22 Networks measured 342026/08/23 Networks measured 272026/08/24 Networks measured 272026/08/25 Networks measured 312026/08/26 Networks measured 362026/08/27 Networks measured 332026/08/28 Networks measured 322026/08/29 Networks measured 272026/08/30 Networks measured 222026/08/31 Networks measured 282026/09/01 Networks measured 292026/09/02 Networks measured 332026/09/03 Networks measured 322026/09/04 Networks measured 232026/09/05 Networks measured 232026/09/06 Networks measured 202026/09/07 Networks measured 252026/09/08 Networks measured 292026/09/09 Networks measured 252026/09/10 Networks measured 302026/09/11 Networks measured 262026/09/12 Networks measured 282026/09/13 Networks measured 212026/09/14 Networks measured 262026/09/15 Networks measured 272026/09/16 Networks measured 322026/09/17 Networks measured 262026/09/18 Networks measured 332026/09/19 Networks measured 222026/09/20 Networks measured 352026/09/21 Networks measured 292026/09/22 Networks measured 282026/09/23 Networks measured 282026/09/24 Networks measured 312026/09/25 Networks measured 322026/09/26 Networks measured 332026/09/27 Networks measured 312026/09/28 Networks measured 352026/09/29 Networks measured 302026/09/30 Networks measured 302026/10/01 Networks measured 292026/10/02 Networks measured 242026/10/03 Networks measured 302026/10/04 Networks measured 252026/10/05 Networks measured 252026/10/06 Networks measured 282026/10/07 Networks measured 272026/10/08 Networks measured 302026/10/09 Networks measured 24

Users covered

The share of this region's internet users, by APNIC's estimates, on networks that had at least one measurement that day. One measurement is enough to count, so this is an upper bound rather than a sign that every network is measured enough.

Users covered (%)
05010008/1109/1010/092026/08/11 Users covered 86.82026/08/12 Users covered 86.72026/08/13 Users covered 87.72026/08/14 Users covered 86.82026/08/15 Users covered 88.32026/08/16 Users covered 87.62026/08/17 Users covered 87.92026/08/18 Users covered 86.92026/08/19 Users covered 86.32026/08/20 Users covered 85.92026/08/21 Users covered 85.32026/08/22 Users covered 86.92026/08/23 Users covered 87.32026/08/24 Users covered 85.92026/08/25 Users covered 85.52026/08/26 Users covered 87.32026/08/27 Users covered 86.52026/08/28 Users covered 88.22026/08/29 Users covered 86.22026/08/30 Users covered 86.12026/08/31 Users covered 85.82026/09/01 Users covered 86.52026/09/02 Users covered 85.72026/09/03 Users covered 86.52026/09/04 Users covered 86.42026/09/05 Users covered 85.22026/09/06 Users covered 86.02026/09/07 Users covered 85.52026/09/08 Users covered 86.32026/09/09 Users covered 84.82026/09/10 Users covered 86.62026/09/11 Users covered 85.82026/09/12 Users covered 87.02026/09/13 Users covered 85.22026/09/14 Users covered 85.52026/09/15 Users covered 85.72026/09/16 Users covered 86.42026/09/17 Users covered 86.02026/09/18 Users covered 87.62026/09/19 Users covered 85.52026/09/20 Users covered 88.32026/09/21 Users covered 87.12026/09/22 Users covered 86.52026/09/23 Users covered 85.52026/09/24 Users covered 86.52026/09/25 Users covered 86.62026/09/26 Users covered 87.42026/09/27 Users covered 87.62026/09/28 Users covered 86.42026/09/29 Users covered 86.22026/09/30 Users covered 85.42026/10/01 Users covered 85.92026/10/02 Users covered 85.62026/10/03 Users covered 85.82026/10/04 Users covered 85.72026/10/05 Users covered 85.72026/10/06 Users covered 85.62026/10/07 Users covered 86.52026/10/08 Users covered 87.32026/10/09 Users covered 85.7

Steady coverage

Coverage counts a network as soon as it has a single measurement, even if it was measured on only a day or two. Steady coverage counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days. The wider the gap between the two, the more users sit on networks with only scattered measurements.

Users covered 91.3% Measured on at least one day
Users steadily covered 86.5% Measured on at least 15 days

Messaging app tests

OONI Probe tests whether the servers of Signal, WhatsApp and Telegram can be reached. An anomaly only means the result differed from what was expected, which an unstable connection can also cause. An anomaly rate close to 100% usually means the app is blocked there. Rates are left out when there were fewer than 30 measurements in the last 30 days.

Anomaly rate in India, last 30 days
  • Signal2.1%
  • WhatsApp0.5%
  • Telegram1.7%

Up to 9,608 measurements per app

Across regions

Users covered by networks measured in the last 30 days, with each day's value over the last 60. Open a region for its full charts.

Taiwan 93.9% Hong Kong 69.4% Macau 85.1% Japan 84.2% South Korea 93.7% Singapore 78.5% Vietnam 98.8% Thailand 97.1% Malaysia 97.9% Indonesia 79.8% Philippines 90.3% India 91.3%
RegionCoveredSteady
Taiwan 93.9% 68.0%
Hong Kong 69.4% 31.2%
Macau 85.1% 0.0%
Japan 84.2% 64.0%
South Korea 93.7% 82.1%
Singapore 78.5% 30.8%
Vietnam 98.8% 94.0%
Thailand 97.1% 92.8%
Malaysia 97.9% 95.1%
Indonesia 79.8% 70.2%
Philippines 90.3% 86.8%
India 91.3% 86.5%

Messaging app anomaly rates across regions

Anomaly rates over the last 30 days, with rates above half highlighted. The last rows are reference regions without their own pages, which have records of blocking to compare against.

RegionSignalWhatsAppTelegram
Taiwan 1.3%1.6%1.4%
Hong Kong 0.7%0.8%0.4%
Macau –––
Japan 0.5%0.8%0.6%
South Korea 0.3%1.7%2.5%
Singapore 1.0%0.4%0.1%
Vietnam <0.1%<0.1%0.2%
Thailand 0.3%0.2%0.1%
Malaysia 0.1%0.2%1.0%
Indonesia 3.4%0.4%0.6%
Philippines 0.3%0.2%1.8%
India 2.1%0.5%1.7%
Reference regions
China 98.2%98.3%98.6%
Myanmar 96.2%99.0%0.6%
Cambodia 21.8%27.5%2.4%
Pakistan 97.0%0.9%99.1%
Bangladesh 0.3%<0.1%0.1%

Glossary

  • OONI Probe: an open-source app from OONI that tests from a phone or computer whether websites and services can be reached, with the results published in OONI's database
  • Measurement: one result of OONI Probe testing one website or service. A single run of the website test produces hundreds, so a high count does not mean many people ran tests
  • Autonomous system (ASN): a group of networks run by one organisation under one routing policy, such as a telecom, a university or a cloud provider, each with its own AS number. A telecom's fixed and mobile networks are often separate ASNs
  • Network names: copied from APNIC and RIPE NCC registry records and often abbreviated. In Taiwan, for example, HINET is Chunghwa Telecom's fixed network and EMOME-NET its mobile network
  • APNIC: the Asia Pacific Network Information Centre, which allocates IP addresses and ASNs in the region and estimates each network's users from sampled web ads
  • Users, Measured (%): Users is the network's share of the region's internet users, and Measured is its share of the region's measurements. The further apart the two are, the more the measurements are out of proportion to the users
  • Days: how many of the last 30 days had any measurements
  • Users covered: the share of the region's internet users on networks with measurements, where a single measurement is enough to count
  • Users steadily covered: counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days
  • Top two networks: the share of measurements from the two most measured networks; lower means more spread out
  • pp (percentage points): the difference between two percentages. Coverage going from 94.6% to 93.9% is written as −0.7 pp
  • OK, anomaly, confirmed, failure: OK means the result matched the control. An anomaly means it did not, which can be blocking or an unstable connection. Confirmed blocking is an anomaly matching a known blocking pattern. A failure is a test that did not complete
  • Anomaly rate (messaging apps): the share of the app's measurements that were anomalies. Close to 100% usually means the app is blocked there
  • Reference region: a region without its own page, listed in a comparison table for contrast

How the numbers are calculated

  • Measurement counts come from OONI's aggregation API, across all tests, grouped by the day each measurement started (UTC)
  • Users per network are APNIC's estimates, derived from ad-based sampling and updated weekly
  • Network names come from the APNIC and RIPE NCC ASN name lists
  • A single measurement is enough for a network to count as measured; whether it is measured enough shows in its share of measurements and the number of days
  • Steady coverage counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days
  • Messaging app results also come from the OONI aggregation API, counted by region; the reference regions at the end of the table have no pages of their own
  • Days without measurements are left as gaps in the charts rather than filled in

Help fill the gaps

  • Install OONI Probe and run tests on your own connection, on a phone or a computer. Mobile data and home broadband are usually different ASNs, so testing on both helps
  • The community's OONI Run link 10328 sets everything up in one tap; see the OONI Run v2 guide for the risks to consider before installing and what the list contains
  • ASN observation data analysis: why network diversity matters and how to read a single measurement
  • ASN Coverage: a command-line tool that downloads raw measurements and breaks them down by network type and blocking method